![]() ![]() The semicolon (or newline) following list is required. Placing a list of commands between curly braces causes the list to be executed in the current shell context. Since the list is executed in a sub-shell, variable assignments do not remain in effect after the sub-shell completes. ( list ) Placing a list of commands between parentheses causes a sub-shell environment to be created (see Command Execution Environment), and each of the commands in list to be executed in that sub-shell. When commands are grouped, re-directions may be applied to the entire command list. This means, among other things, that each parameter in the argument list is seen as a separate wordĮxit status of a command, function, or the script itselfīash provides two ways to group a list of commands to be executed as a unit. The first, the second and the n-th parameterĪll the positional parameters, seen as a single word, must be as $*, but each parameter is a quoted string, that is, the parameters are passed on intact, without interpretation or expansion. The number of seconds the script has been running The current directory that process is in at the time This is not the same as the $$ variable, but it often gives the same result. Process ID of the current instance of Bash. Refer to Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide: Macro All parameters are implicit saved into local macros.
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